what is october revolution class 9
It was the second revolutionary change of government in Russia in 1917. The Symphony No. [53] After the initial wave of revolutionary narratives, Soviet historians worked within "narrow guidelines" defined by the Soviet government. The Executive Committee of Peasants Soviets "[refuted] with indignation all participation of the organized peasantry in this criminal violation of the will of the working class". Some of the revolutionaries entered the palace at 10:25 p.m. and there was a mass entry 3 hours later. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, How the Bolshevik party elite crushed the democratically elected workers and popular councils - soviets - and established totalitarian state capitalism, List of October Revolution Parades in Moscow, Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union, Military Armored Forces Academy Marshal Rodion Malinovsky, Military Academy of Chemical Defense and Control, Moscow Border Guards Institute of the Border Defence Forces of the KGB "Moscow City Council, 336th Marine Regiment of the Baltic Fleet, Moscow Military High Command Training School "Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR, Left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks, Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine, Group of forces in battle with the counterrevolution in the South of Russia, Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=October_Revolution&oldid=1009373015, Articles containing Russian-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2018, Articles needing additional references from November 2018, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 10,000 red sailors, 20,000–30,000 red guard soldiers, unknown number of workers, 500–1,000 volunteer soldiers, 1,000 soldiers of women's battalion. The Cadets and the 140 volunteers of the Women's Battalion surrendered rather than resist the 40,000 strong attacking force. Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 MCQs Questions with Answers. Categories: Class 9th History. The October Revolution, also ... Soviet historians generally described the Revolution as the product of class struggle and that it was the supreme event in a world history governed by historical laws. References. ADVERTISEMENTS: The date of the event was kept a secret. The armed seizure of power was organised and conducted by the Bolsheviks, acting the name of Russias Soviets. [61] Other analyses following this "anthropological turn" have explored texts from soldiers and how they used personal war-experiences to further their political goals,[62] as well as how individual life-structure and psychology may have shaped major decisions in the civil war that followed the revolution. Dmitri Shostakovich wrote his Symphony No. The February Revolution had overthrown the Tsarist autocracy, resulting in a provisional government. A map of the Soviet Union, with the star, sickle, and hammer that appeared on its flag. Toll-free 1800 419 1234 ( Everyday 11am - 8pm ), Or call us at 1800-419-1234 (toll free) on anyday, 11am - 8pm, JavaScript and Adobe Flash 9 or above are required to view this video. While the cabinet of the provisional government within the palace debated what action to take, the Bolsheviks issued an ultimatum to surrender. October Revolution, also called Bolshevik Revolution, (Oct. 24–25 [Nov. 6–7, New Style], 1917), the second and last major phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917, in which the Bolshevik Party seized power in Russia, inaugurating the Soviet regime. The interim government was toppled, the Soviets seized power, and Russia later terminated the Triple Entente military alliance with France and Britain. 2 was first performed on 5 November 1927 by the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra and the Academy Capella Choir under the direction of Nikolai Malko. The European powers recognized the Soviet Union in the early 1920s and began to engage in business with it after the New Economic Policy (NEP) was implemented. After this, the Russian Republic became the Russian SFSR and, later form the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. [25], Later stories of the heroic "Storming of the Winter Palace" and "defense of the Winter Palace" were propaganda by Bolshevik publicists. On 31 October 1917 (13 November, N.S), the Bolsheviks gained control of Moscow after a week of bitter street-fighting. To establish the accuracy of Marxist ideology, Soviet historians generally described the Revolution as the product of class struggle and that it was the supreme event in a world history governed by historical laws. Since 1991, increasing access to large amounts of Soviet archival materials has made it possible to re‑examine the October Revolution. It is a story of changing powers in the … 2 in B major, Op. 8. ; 23 October, N.S. "Historical Dictionary of Estonia." For example, the Ukrainian Rada, which had declared autonomy on 23 June 1917, created the Ukrainian People's Republic on 20 November, which was supported by the Ukrainian Congress of Soviets. The news of the offensive's failure intensified the struggle of the workers and the soldiers. Sergei Eisenstein and Grigori Aleksandrov's film October: Ten Days That Shook the World, first released on 20 January 1928 in the USSR and on 2 November 1928 in New York City, describes and glorifies the revolution, having been commissioned to commemorate the event. Kerensky's failure to assume authority over troops was described by John Reed as a "fatal blunder" that signaled the final end of his government. [9] When the Provisional Government sent punitive detachments, it only enraged the peasants. By contrast, historian Richard Pipes has argued that the episode was engineered by Kerensky. October Revolution: Lenin returned from exile and organised a socialist seizure of power by Military Revolutionary Committee under Leon Troskii. You seem to have watched the videos of chapter name , why not try a test on it? What is the reason for February and October revolution class 9? ).The Bolsheviks were led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and Leon Trotsky.They overthrew the previous Russian Provisional Government led by Alexander Kerensky.It's uprising started on 24 October The Bolsheviks faced little or no opposition. [43], On 20 December 1917 (2 January 1918, N.S. Available for CBSE, ICSE and State Board syllabus. The October Revolution followed and capitalized on the February Revolution earlier in the year. The October Revolution,[a][b] also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution, as the official term in the Soviet Union, the Bolshevik Coup, the Bolshevik Revolution,[2] the October Uprising, the October Coup or Red October, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917–1923. The Red Guards systematically captured major government facilities, key communication installations, and vantage points with little opposition. Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 Notes Social Science History Chapter 2 CBSE Class 9 History Chapter 2 Notes Understanding the Lesson. Kerensky was able to evade the pickets going up around the palace and to drive to meet approaching soldiers. 'The Mass Minority in Action: France and Russia'. ), the government ventured to eliminate hierarchy in the army, removing all titles, ranks, and uniform decorations. The changes brought about by the Bolsheviks were:(i)The Bolsheviks were totally opposed to private property. For other uses, see, Unrest by workers, peasants, and soldiers, Timeline of the spread of Soviet power (Gregorian calendar dates), Effect of the dissolution of the Soviet Union on historical research, Великая Октябрьская социалистическая революция, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFService2005 (, (See a first-hand account by British General. "[43], The long-awaited Constituent Assembly elections were held on 12 November (O.S., 25 November, N.S.) The provisional government had taken power after being proclaimed by Grand Duke Michael, Tsar Nicholas II's younger brother, who declined to take power after the Tsar stepped down. Class-9CBSE Board - The February and October Revolutions - LearnNext offers animated video lessons with neatly explained examples, Study Material, FREE NCERT Solutions, Exercises and Tests. Book an appointment now! Kerensky responded at approximately 3 p.m. that afternoon by ordering the raising of all but one of Petrograd's bridges, a tactic used by the government several months earlier during the July Days. According to Deutsche Welle: On November 7, 1917, a coup d'état went down in history as the October Revolution. Over 42% of all the cases of destruction (usually burning down and seizing property from the landlord's estate) recorded between February and October occurred in October. [3][4][5] To avoid confusion, both O.S and N.S. [51] The historiography of the Revolution generally divides into three camps: Soviet-Marxist, Western-Totalitarian, and Revisionist. Once securely in power, Lenin enacted decrees that laid the groundwork for Russia becoming the world's first Communist country. Many of the initial Soviet interpreters of the Revolution were themselves Bolshevik revolutionaries. [52], Soviet historiography of the October Revolution is intertwined with Soviet historical development. If the answer is not available please wait for a while and a community member will probably answer this soon. Summary. [64], These Western historians described the revolution as the result of a chain of contingent accidents. It only took six months for the Bolsheviks to prepare this. NCERT Class 9 Chapter 9 - India and The Contemporary World belongs to the Chapter name "Socialism in Europe and Russia". Bolsheviks were arrested, workers were disarmed, and revolutionary military units in Petrograd were disbanded or sent to the war front. Our counsellor will call to confirm your booking. https://doi.org/10.1163/22102388-00900003, 1914-1918-online. Despite occurring in November of the Gregorian calendar, the event is most commonly known as the "October Revolution" (Октябрьская революция) because at the time Russia still used the Julian calendar. The October Revolution marks the inception of the first communist government in Russia, and thus the first large-scale and constitutionally ordained socialist state in world history. Guided by Lenin's leadership and his firm grasp of scientific Marxist theory, the Party led the "logically predetermined" events of the October Revolution from beginning to end. The event coincided with the arrival of a pro-Bolshevik flotilla—consisting primarily of five destroyers and their crews, as well as marines—in Petrograd harbor. [27][28] After sporadic gunfire throughout the building, the cabinet of the Provisional Government surrendered, and were imprisoned in Peter and Paul Fortress. ; 18 January, N.S.) During Soviet times revolution day was made a national holiday, marking its importance in the country's founding story. Railways and railway stations had been controlled by Soviet workers and soldiers for days, making rail travel to and from Petrograd impossible for Provisional Government officials. The October Revolution was a revolution in Russia that started on 1917 November 7 (October 25 o.s. Destruction of Democracy and reconstruction, You have alredy written a review for this video please wait for 30 days to write your next review. In what became known as the Kornilov affair, General Lavr Kornilov, who had been Commander-in-Chief since 18 July, with Kerensky's agreement directed an army under Aleksandr Krymov to march toward Petrograd to restore order. 7. There were still shortages of food and the increased wages workers had obtained did little to provide for their families. Communist parties would start to form in many countries after 1917. The following day, the Winter Palace (the seat of the Provisional government located in Petrograd, then capital of Russia) was captured. History Class 9 Chapter 2 Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution. [53] Though both Western and Russian historians now have access to many of these archives, the effect of the dissolution of the USSR can be seen most clearly in the work of the latter. and "All power to the soviets!" By autumn, the peasant movement against the landowners had spread to 482 of 624 counties, or 77% of the country. [57] For them, the central actor is still the Bolshevik party, but this party triumphed "because it alone could solve the preponderance of 'general democratic' tasks the country faced" (such as the struggle for peace and the exploitation of landlords). Apart from being the largest Class 9 community, EduRev has the largest solved Question bank for Class 9. ), the Bolsheviks' Central Committee voted 10–2 for a resolution saying that "an armed uprising is inevitable, and that the time for it is fully ripe. Even though workplace conditions may have been increasing in quality, the overall quality of life for workers was not improving. The Provisional Government was also unable to locate any serviceable vehicles. See Russian Revolution of 1917. On 17 July, over 500,000 people participated in what was intended to be a peaceful demonstration in Petrograd, the so-called July Days. Factory workers around Russia felt unhappy with the growing shortages of food, supplies, and other materials. The Civil War; Making a Socialist Society; Stalinism and Collectivisation; 5. Some sources contend that as the leader of Tsentrobalt, Pavlo Dybenko played a crucial role in the revolt and that the ten warships that arrived at the city with ten thousand Baltic Fleet mariners were the force that took the power in Petrograd and put down the Provisional Government. In many parts of the world including Europe and Asia, new ideas about individual rights and who controlled social power began to … On its first and only day in session, the Constituent Assembly came into conflict with the Soviets, and it rejected Soviet decrees on peace and land, resulting in the Constituent Assembly being dissolved the next day by order of the Congress of Soviets. At Kronstadt, sailors announced their allegiance to the Bolshevik insurrection. ), a group of soldiers loyal to Kerensky's government marched on the printing house of the Bolshevik newspaper, Rabochiy put (Worker's Path), seizing and destroying printing equipment and thousands of newspapers. "[19] At the Committee meeting, Lenin discussed how the people of Russia had waited long enough for "an armed uprising," and it was the Bolsheviks' time to take power. For Russia, it was effectively the end of the war. With few troops to spare at the front, Kerensky turned to the Petrograd Soviet for help. [59] In 2006, S. V. Iarov employed this methodology when he focused on citizen adjustment to the new Soviet system. That same day, posters were pinned on walls and fences by the right-wing Socialist Revolutionaries, describing the takeover as a "crime against the motherland" and "revolution"; this signaled the next wave of anti-Bolshevik sentiment. [68] As Stephen Kotkin argues, 1991 prompted "a return to political history and the apparent resurrection of totalitarianism, the interpretive view that, in different ways…revisionists sought to bury".[53]. They then invaded the Winter Palace, where several government ministers were resident. Ten Days That Shook the World, a book written by American journalist John Reed and first published in 1919, gives a firsthand exposition of the events. Contrary to popular belief, Lenin did not overthrow the Tsar. The chapter is all about European society and the Russian revolution. On 1–4 May, about 100,000 workers and soldiers of Petrograd, and, after them, the workers and soldiers of other cities, led by the Bolsheviks, demonstrated under banners reading "Down with the war!" Class-9 » Social Science ... Then in October, a second Russian Revolution placed the Bolsheviks as the leaders of Russia, resulting in the creation of the world's first communist country. Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 Questions and Answers Provided helps you to answer complex Questions too easily. "Red October" redirects here. | EduRev Class 9 Question is disucussed on EduRev Study Group by 165 Class 9 Students. Mongol conquest • Vladimir-Suzdal Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 Important Questions Social Science History Chapter 2 Important Questions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 2 Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 Important Questions Very Short Answer Type Questions Question 1. While the seizure of the Winter Palace happened almost without resistance, Soviet historians and officials later tended to depict the event in dramatic and heroic terms. Skip to primary navigation; ... October Revolution in 1917. Here we have given Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 History Chapter 2 Notes. [65], Western historians saw the organization of the Bolshevik party as proto-totalitarian. [citation needed] Dybenko in his memoirs mentioned this event as "several shots in the air". [56] These historians, who constituted the "New Directions Group", posited that the complex nature of the October Revolution "could only be explained by a multi-causal analysis, not by recourse to the mono-causality of monopoly capitalism". * For your record, an e-mail and SMS has been sent to you with these details. There was a nationwide crisis affecting social, economic, and political relations. The Red Guard fought against cossacks at Tsarskoye Selo, with the cossacks breaking rank and fleeing, leaving their artillery behind. Communist parties both in and out of power celebrate November 7 as the date Marxist parties began to take power. The peasant-dominated Left SR party was in coalition with the Bolsheviks. 1918 by the Bolsheviks. [26] At 6:15 p.m., a large group of artillery cadets abandoned the palace, taking their artillery with them. On 25 October (O.S. [23], In response, at 9 a.m. the Bolshevik Military-Revolutionary Committee issued a statement denouncing the government's actions. Estonia and the Estonians, Hoover Inst. The uprising started in the then-capital city of St. Petrograd, now St. … His confidence stemmed from months of Bolshevik buildup of power and successful elections to different committees and councils in major cities such as Petrograd and Moscow. The February revolution was marked by violence and bloodshed while the October revolution happened without largescale violence. As 1917 progressed, the peasantry increasingly began to lose faith that the land would be distributed to them by the Social Revolutionaries and the Mensheviks. What is meant by the earth’s axis ? The powerful ideas of freedom and equality circulated in Europe after the French Revolution. Contemporary Russia now distances itself from its Soviet past by removing the October Revolution as a national holiday. Из недр царского флота к Великому Октябрю". Mar 07,2021 - What were the reasons of french revolution class 9 any 5 points? At the beginning of the 20th century, the majority of Russian people worked in the: (a) Industrial sector Other decrees: Bolshevik-led attempts to gain power in other parts of the Russian Empire were largely successful in Russia proper—although the fighting in Moscow lasted for two weeks—but they were less successful in ethnically non-Russian parts of the Empire, which had been clamoring for independence since the February Revolution. Read More on This Topic . ; 7 November, N.S.) 14, and subtitled it To October, for the 10th anniversary of the October Revolution. October Revolution. "[11], In a diplomatic note of 1 May, the minister of foreign affairs, Pavel Milyukov, expressed the Provisional Government's desire to continue the war against the Central Powers "to a victorious conclusion", arousing broad indignation. Often—when government allowances were late and were not sufficient to match the rising costs of goods—soldiers' wives sent masses of appeals to the government, which went largely unanswered. On the other hand, the Western Allies saw it as a violent coup, which used the democratic Soviet councils only until they were no longer useful. The best app for CBSE students now provides class 9 Social Science latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation of CBSE board exams and school based annual examinations. They were then fired upon by Kerensky's cossacks, which resulted in 8 deaths. Russian Republic • October Revolution • Civil War(Red Army • White Guard • separatists • others). On the morning of the insurrection, Kerensky desperately searched for a means of reaching military forces he hoped would be friendly to the Provisional Government outside the city and ultimately borrowed a Renault car from the American embassy, which he drove from the Winter Palace, along with a Pierce Arrow.